Showing posts with label English Language. Show all posts
Showing posts with label English Language. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 15, 2025

Idioms for Halloween


Idioms are expressions whose meaning is different from the suggested words which compose them. They are used in our oral or written communication.  Following are selected English idioms for the Halloween season. Their meanings may not relate to the Halloween, but most of the accompanying nouns or adjectives are figures that are associated with this particular season.

                                                         

Bat

As blind as a bat- it is said that bat has poor sight, and it cannot see during daylight. It is also said to a person with poor eyesight. “Ever since his surgery he has become as blind as a bat. He can hardly read a letter."

Dead

Come to a dead end- to come to an absolute stopping point. “He drove his car to a road that led to a dead end.”

In a dead heat- a race where two or more contestants reach the finish line exactly at the same time. “The two runners finish the race in a dead heat.”

In the dead of the night- means in the middle of the night. “Burglars usually strike in the dead of the night.”

Devil

Between the devil and the deep blue sea- one is in a dilemma. “He can’t make decision whether to accept the job offer or not. He is caught between the devil and the deep blue sea.”                                                                       

Give the devil his due- however bad a person is he should be given credit for any good quality or achievement that he may have. “The sergeant major is very harsh when it comes to discipline, but to give the devil his due; he always attends to his soldiers’ need.”

Speak of the devil- to speak about a person when suddenly he appears. “Tom always keeps us waiting. He doesn’t seem to honor his commitment. Shall we go? …speaking of the devil, here he comes. “

There will be devil to pay- there will be lots of troubles. “If you go against the wishes of your boss there will be devil to pay.”

Ghost


A ghost employee- a fictitious name in the roster of employees or a person listed as a member of an entity when he is not. “Dishonest finance personnel padded the payroll with ghost employees.”

A ghost town- is a place that is abandoned by its populace. “My-Lai became a ghost town after the massacre took place.”

A ghost writer- is one who writes on someone else’s behalf, but keeps his identity secret. “Since Jane has no talent in writing, she should hire a ghost writer to write her story on her travel to Singapore.”

Only a ghost of one’s former self- to lose much weight, vitality, strength among others after sickness or health related situation. “She is only a ghost of her former self after last month’s accident.”

Grave


To digs one’s grave- means to do self destructive activities. “He’s digging his own grave by not having good relationship with his boss. Sooner or later, he is going to lose his job.”

To turn over in one’s grave- If a dead person were alive, he would be shocked or horrified. “If grandpa knew what you were doing with his properties he would turn over in his grave.”

Hell

All hell broke loose- bad things will happen or there will be troubles- “If you don’t make good your promise to marry her, then all hell will break loose.”

Come hell or high water- whatever the difficulties. “Come hell or high water, I’ll become a lawyer.”

Magic spell

Black magic- an evil magic connected with the Devil. “His uncanny ability to turn a leaf into paper money is a black magic.”

Break a spell- to escape from the influence of someone. “His indifference to her feelings has broken the spell he has over her.”

Fall under someone’s spell- to be fascinated with someone. “Tom isn’t so handsome, but the beautiful young girl falls under his spell.”

Skeleton


Skeleton in one’s closet- is an embarrassing or shocking secret. “The boss is afraid to fire his secretary because she knows the skeletons in his closet.”

Skeleton staff/crew- is an undermanned staff. “The recession has forced my boss to work with a skeleton staff.”

Soul

Soul mate- is someone who has the same characteristics as another person so that both of them are compatible with each other. “Tom and Jean can get along with each other well. They are really soul mates.”

Soul searching- consulting one’s conscience so that he will be able to decide on what to do of a pressing matter. “‘Should I leave my wife?’ Tom said to himself. It was a soul-searching experience for him.”

Spirit

Dampen one’s spirit- to discourage a good mood.  “She wants to go shopping, but the heavy traffic dampens her spirit.”

The moving spirit- is the originator of an idea. “Mr. Jones is the moving spirit behind the new school policies.”

The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak- an instance when a person cannot resist the demand of his body even if he wants to. “I would like to exercise early in the morning but could not. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.”

To spirit away-is to remove something in a secret way. “I wonder who spirited away one of my favorite books from the shelf.”

Witch

A witch-hunt- is the searching out of someone with different views or harmful ideas in a manner that is sometimes unfair. “The political profiling of people or the curtailment of rights of those who are perceived to have dangerous ideas is a witch-hunt.”

White witch- is a woman who practices positive magic by casting spell or using herbal plants to heal someone. “I don’t think a witch comes in color so that we can call her a white witch or a black witch. A witch is always a witch.”

Thursday, September 20, 2012

Latin, the Eternal Language



The ancient Romans were disciplined and hard working people who created one of the greatest empires the world has ever known. Their Empire that spanned Europe and some parts of Asia and Africa made an imprint on the history and culture of peoples in many places around the world.                               

Latin, the tongue of the ancient Romans, is an ancient language of the Italic branch of the Indo-European Language family that is closely related to Sanskrit, Greek, Germanic and Celtic. Latin which was the language of communication in the empire helped enhance the propagation of knowledge in commerce, law, medicine and other fields of science. The conversion of Roman Emperor Constantine to Christianity brought about the spread of that religion throughout the empire.  Latin was the Language of letters in Western Europe in the Middle Ages.  It was also the language of scholarship and diplomacy until the 18th century and of the Roman Catholic liturgy until the 20th century.                                                                    

The fall of the Roman Empire made no need for peoples across the empire to have a common language. And peoples in different places in the empire carved their own nations and brought with them their own distinct culture, ethnicities and beliefs. Slowly, the use of Latin as the medium of communication began to decline until it became a dead language.

However, Latin was deeply ingrained in the tongue of peoples especially at places near Rome so that several languages that are derivatives of Latin called Romance Languages evolved. Therefore, the use of Latin in modified form lives on. Some of the Romance Languages are the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Romanian, Catalan and Provencal. The colonization of the American continent by the Europeans of such places as Brazil, Mexico and others made the Romance Language such as Spanish and Portuguese as some of the most widely spoken languages of the world.

Great Britain was once a part of the Roman Empire. Its ancient inhabitants spoke an Indo-European Germanic Language. Roman occupation of Britain had a far reaching influence on the culture and language of the English people. Although English is a Germanic Language, It has borrowed many words from Greek and Latin. The English vocabulary contains words that have about 60% Latin roots,  

Following are 13 Latin nouns and their equivalent in English and their derived words. The examples are just some of the many words with Latin roots that have found their way in the English vocabulary. They help illustrate in some ways the impact made by Latin in the development of the English Language.

Latin roots
Basic meaning
Example words
friend
amiable, amity, amicable
water
aquatic, aquarium, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer, aquanaut
bird
avian, aviary, aviator, aviate, aviation, aviatrix, aviculture
caballus
horse
cavalry, chivalry, cavalier, cavalcade,
cor
heart
accord, discord, cordial, concord
dente
tooth
dental, dentist, dentate, denticle, dentifrice, dentin, dentition, denture
ignis
fire
ignite, ignition, igneous, ignescent
lac
milk
lactate, lactation, lacteal, lactic, lactose
manus
hand
manual, maneuver. manage, manacle, manufacture, manicure
mare
sea
marine, maritime, marina, mariner
ovum
egg
oval, ovate, ovary, ovarian, ovule, ovulation
sal
salt
salary, salami, salad, saline, salinity, salinize, saltine, salinometer, salsa
terra
earth
terrain, terrestrial, extra-terrestrial, terrace, territory

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